THRIFT-6382: Add net11 support

[Jens-G]

Adds net11 support to netstd, along the lines of THRIFT-5902 for net10. .NET 11 is due in November 2026. Its release candidates come with a go-live license: "Go-live releases are supported by Microsoft in production" (.NET support policy). RC1 came out on September 8 and RC2 on October 13. This PR stays a draft until .NET 11 is generally available.

• The netstd generator gets a net11 option (C# 15). Code generated for net10 now stops with #error when built for net11, as net9 code does for net10.

• ApacheThrift and ApacheThrift.AspNetCore add net11.0 to their target frameworks.

• A new test project, Thrift.Compile.net11, is a copy of Thrift.Compile.net10 with the version names changed. Thrift.Compile.net8, net9 and net10 stay. Thrift.Tests now references net11, so make check builds net10 explicitly.

• These move from net10 to net11:

  • the unit, integration and fuzz tests;
  • the test suite (test/netstd);
  • the tutorial (tutorial/netstd).

• The benchmarks stay on net10 for now. BenchmarkDotNet 0.15.8, the current release, cannot run them on net11 (0.16.0 is in preview). THRIFT-6382 lists this as a follow-up.

• CI: an older SDK cannot build the net11.0 target; 10.0.401 fails with NETSDK1045. The runners also build every codegen leg with their newest preinstalled SDK. So:

  • lib-netstd sets up 11.0.x;
  • each codegen leg installs 11.0.x next to its own SDK, and the matrix gains 11;
  • the MSVC image moves to sdk:11.0-windowsservercore-ltsc2025.

  actions/setup-dotnet hands 11.0.x to the install script as --channel 11.0, which resolves to the newest release candidate until GA, RC2 at the moment.

Not changed: the build/docker/ubuntu-* images install .NET from ppa:dotnet/backports, which has no .NET 11 yet. That, and rebuilding the hash-cached MSVC image once GA ships, are follow-ups listed on the ticket. Dropping net8 and net9 (end of support November 10, 2026) is THRIFT-6383.

Test, done locally with SDK 11.0.100-rc.1.26425.128:

• Clean Release and Debug builds of lib/netstd, test/netstd and tutorial/netstd have no errors. The tutorial has no warnings. The other two show only the CS0114 warnings in generated exceptions that master has as well (THRIFT-4833).
• Thrift.Tests passes 87/87 and Thrift.IntegrationTests 57/57 on net11.0. The 12 fuzzer variants build without warnings.
• run-NetStd-Codegen-Tests.ps1 for net11, net10, net9 and net8 with SDK 11: 233/233 each. The environment turned every warning into an error except CS0114 and CS0108 (THRIFT-4833): TreatWarningsAsErrors=true, WarningsNotAsErrors=CS0114;CS0108. Master with SDK 10.0.401 passes the net10 leg the same way.

Repeated with SDK 11.0.100-rc.2.26504.105, on this branch merged onto master (a81db74):

• The same builds, tests and fuzzer builds give the same results, with no new warnings.
• The four codegen legs pass 239/239 each with the same settings. Master has six more IDL files than this branch's base.
• The tutorial smoke test, which make check has run since THRIFT-6376, passes 7 of 7.

JIRA: THRIFT-6382

• Apache Jira ticket: THRIFT-6382
• PR title follows "THRIFT-NNNN: describe my issue"
• Single commit
• No breaking change to the library API. For generated code, see the net10 note above.
• Code change, so the commit carries no CI-skip marker.

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