vfs: make lchown update symlink metadata

[trivikr]

Fixes: #64572

This PR fixes VFS lchown() handling so ownership changes apply
to the symbolic link itself instead of following the link and modifying
its target.

It routes synchronous and asynchronous lchown operations through
dedicated VFS and provider handling, adds memory-provider support
that does not follow the final symlink, and preserves fallback behavior
for providers that do not override lchownSync().

---

Assisted-by: openai:gpt-5.5

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 92.30769% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 90.24%. Comparing base (39f427d) to head (afee66e).
⚠️ Report is 92 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
lib/internal/vfs/provider.js	83.33%	2 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #64573      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   90.23%   90.24%   +0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         739      739              
  Lines      241779   241803      +24     
  Branches    45567    45565       -2     
==========================================
+ Hits       218160   218225      +65     
+ Misses      15160    15118      -42     
- Partials     8459     8460       +1     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/internal/vfs/file_system.js	99.37% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
lib/internal/vfs/providers/memory.js	95.06% <100.00%> (+0.03%)	⬆️
lib/internal/vfs/setup.js	87.69% <100.00%> (ø)
lib/internal/vfs/provider.js	98.09% <83.33%> (-0.29%)	⬇️

... and 30 files with indirect coverage changes

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[mcollina]

lgtm

[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/75208/

[nodejs-github-bot]

Landed in b2a024b