Move test files to `config/`

[hansl]

The following files should be configurable and out of root:

1. karma.conf.js
2. protractor.conf.js
3. karma-test-shim.js

TODO:

• e2e:
  • Use the e2e.protractor.config to know the path to protractor.conf.js when running ng e2e.
  • The default value for e2e.protractor.config in new projects should be config/protractor.conf.js.
  • Move the protractor.conf.js file. This includes changing the path in the config to ...
• Karma:
  • Use the test.karma.config to know the path to karma.conf.js when running ng e2e.
  • The default value for test.karma.config in new projects should be config/karma.conf.js.
  • Move the karma.conf.js file. This includes changing base path to ...
  • Move the shim to config. You need to include it in karma properly, but you don't need any other configuration.

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