Optimizer: CMS accuracy constraint (ACC) using accuracy_sla

[milindsrivastava1997]

Part of #523 (Track 3: non-empirical gap 2). Depends on #525's profiling pass for the sample/total-weight query.

• Implement Error(a,g,θ_a) ≤ ε_a for CMS only (analytic ε-δ guarantee); every other sketch family stays unconstrained for now — same as today, not a regression. Extending sketch-bench's cardinality sweep to unlock empirical Error for other families is separate follow-up work. (Optimizer: extend sketch-bench cardinality sweep for empirical Error beyond CMS #566)
• ε_a = the existing (currently dead) ControllerOptions.accuracy_sla field, threaded through extract_aqes onto AQE/QueryRequirements. 0.0 default (today's serde default, already flagged by warn_default_slas) means "unconfigured" → treat as unconstrained, skip (ACC).
• Semantics: accuracy_sla is relative-to-true-value percentage error, not CMS's native L1-relative ε. Converting requires ‖f‖₁/true-value — get both from a single live sample of the AQE's own query_strings against Prometheus, in the same profiling pass as Optimizer: auto-infer N_g from Prometheus #525's N_g query (also needs the hints-fallback treatment for offline testing).

[milindsrivastava1997]

Implementation plan discussed:

Formula. CMS's rows/cols naming (confirmed via sketch-bench's BENCH_SWEEP.md, matches depth/width in count_min.rs) is the standard Cormode–Muthukrishnan parameterization: ε = e/width (error relative to ‖f‖₁), δ = e^-depth (failure probability). No bespoke reverse-engineering needed. δ isn't exposed as a separate user-facing knob for v1 — the existing CMS_DEPTHS = [3,5] grid already gives δ≈5%/0.7%, good enough without a dedicated confidence constant.

Scope. Plain CountMinSketch only (Sum/Count statistics). CountMinSketchWithHeap (Topk) stays unconstrained like every other non-CMS family — its accuracy story is rank error, not frequency error, no closed form derived, and it isn't benchmarked in sketch-bench yet anyway (#524 / sketch-bench#30). A rank-error bound for CMS+Heap is separate future work if ever needed.

ε_a source. The existing (currently dead) ControllerOptions.accuracy_sla field, threaded through extract_aqes onto AQE/QueryRequirements. 0.0 default = unconfigured → skip the (ACC) check entirely for that AQE, and skip its profiling queries (avoids burdening every query with extra Prometheus calls when nobody asked for an accuracy guarantee).

true_value semantics. accuracy_sla is relative-to-true-value % error, not CMS's native L1-relative ε — needs ‖f‖₁ and a true_value to convert. For a grouped AQE there's one true_value per group, each with a different ratio to the total; using the smallest observed group value (worst case) rather than an average, consistent with #524/#525's drop-rather-than-underestimate policy — makes accuracy_sla a real per-group guarantee, not just "on average." Skewed workloads may rule out CMS entirely even when large groups would've been fine; acceptable since EXACT is always the fallback.

Profiling mechanism. Two live Prometheus instant queries per AQE (only when accuracy_sla is set), batched into the same per-AQE profiling pass as #525's N_g query, same hints-fallback treatment:

1. The AQE's own query (grouped, as-authored) → per-group current values; take the min as worst-case true_value.
2. The same statistic, ungrouped (drop the by(...) clause) → ‖f‖₁, the total stream weight.

Filter placement. New module (e.g. optimizer/accuracy.rs) with cms_epsilon(width), cms_delta(depth), meets_accuracy(...), used to filter CMS candidates alongside #524's missing-cost-data filter.