feat(workload): fake-exporter trace-replay mode + Google-trace-shaped demo - #182
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Adds a second operating mode to fake-exporter: when
EXPORTER_TRACE_FILE is set it reads a CSV of
`(timestamp_ms, series_id, value)` rows and emits them as OTLP
gauges at the recorded pace. The paper §6.1 workload-credibility
hook — baselines can now run against real production data
instead of the synthetic log-normal default.
CSV schema (header required):
timestamp_ms,series_id,value
1700000000000,instance-0000,0.253907
Preprocessed Google 2019 cluster-trace data (instance_usage
CPU column) fits this schema with a trivial column-rename; see
`deploy/fake-exporter/traces/README.md` for the mapping.
Bundled: `traces/demo-trace.csv` + `gen-demo-trace.py` that
generates it. 100 series × 600 samples = 10-minute loop,
~2 MiB. Statistically shaped to resemble real cluster-trace
CPU: per-instance slow drift + sparse spikes + rare flatlines
+ inter-instance diurnal correlation. Deterministic via
`PYTHONHASHSEED` + argv seed for reproducibility.
New compose overlay `trace-replay.yml` — compose it on top of
any baseline overlay to swap workload mode:
EXPORTER_TRACE_FILE=/trace/demo-trace.csv \
docker compose -f base.yml -f agents-N1.yml \
-f baseline-b3-delta.yml -f trace-replay.yml up -d
Additional trace-mode env knobs:
* `EXPORTER_TRACE_SCALE` (default 1.0) — playback-speed
multiplier. 10× collapses a 1-hour trace into 6 minutes.
* `EXPORTER_TRACE_LOOP` (default true) — wrap at EOF for
long soaks.
Binary smoke-test:
docker run --rm \
-v .../traces:/trace:ro \
-e EXPORTER_TARGET=localhost:1 \
-e EXPORTER_TRACE_FILE=/trace/demo-trace.csv \
-e EXPORTER_TRACE_LOOP=false \
asap/fake-exporter:dev
fake-exporter starting (trace replay):
metric=http_requests_total_trace rows=60000 series=100
scale=1.00x loop=false
Synthetic mode is unchanged and remains the default when
`EXPORTER_TRACE_FILE` is unset — every existing baseline sweep
keeps working byte-for-byte.
Not live-validated end-to-end in this PR: the full B3/B4 delta
win on the low-churn trace workload (the whole motivation) is
a sweep that needs to land as a separate eval-results PR,
probably once the real Google trace slice is preprocessed and
dropped in alongside demo-trace.csv.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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* docs: RCA — "N=10 throughput collapse" is not a bottleneck PR #185 flagged a universal ~2k pts/s floor at N=10 across all six baselines and attributed it to a coordinated throttle (OTLP SDK / Docker userland-proxy / kernel socket buffers). Rate-invariance test disproves the bottleneck reading. Holding cardinality=1000 and varying EXPORTER_RATE from 1000 to 10000 (10× change) on the same b0a-raw-stream N=1 stack: gateway rate stays flat at 2,000 pts/s and backend rate at 2,001 pts/s. If any of the candidate bottlenecks were the cause, 10× input would produce observable throughput delta — it doesn't. Root cause: PR #182 (`feat(workload): fake-exporter trace-replay mode`) changed the OTel MeterProvider's PeriodicReader interval from `time.Second / time.Duration(rate)` to `time.Second` fixed. With a 1 s interval the SDK pre-aggregates Counter.Add and Gauge.Record calls per attribute set within each tick, so the export rate becomes `cardinality × #instruments × (1/interval)` = 1000 × 2 × 1 = 2000 pts/s, independent of input rate. N=10 is just 10 concurrent producers each correctly emitting 2k. Bigger implication: the paper §6.2 "raw vs sketch bandwidth" story is more fragile than it looks. With the current fake-exporter, the "raw" baselines (B0a / B0b / B1) are already SDK pre-aggregated at the producer — they are not emitting per-sample traffic. The bandwidth delta vs sketch baselines measures payload shape, not "raw samples vs summary per window". Lays out four paper-story options (A revert interval / B dual- interval / C bypass SDK aggregation / D reframe §6.2 as bytes- per-window). Recommends B + D. Does not land a fix; that's a follow-up PR that needs a paper-framing decision. Artifacts: - docs/n10-bottleneck-rca.md — full write-up - deploy/eval-results/n10-diagnosis/rate-invariance-20260423.csv — the two-row evidence Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * docs: three-axis SDK aggregation framework + sync stale docs Formalizes the SDK-side decision point as a (W, L, agg_type) triple: time window × label projection × encoding. All three axes are independent and correspond one-to-one to what the controller's planner emits per metric. - docs/sdk-aggregation-three-axis-design.md (new) — authoritative design doc for the framework. Maps to existing Mode 1/2/3 vocabulary in delta-transmission-design.md. Enumerates the outstanding SDK-side aggregators (raw-buffer + 5 delta variants) and the SDK runtime hook (hot-reload AttributeFilter) needed to exercise the full planner loop. - docs/paper-outline.md §6 — split §6.2 into four sub-sweeps (a/b/c/d) along the three axes, introduce §6.5 planner-quality as an independent experiment, update claims table to express bandwidth reduction as a three-factor product. - PROGRESS.md — bump date to 2026-04-23; point at new design doc; enumerate outstanding aggregators (~150 LOC raw-buffer + ~500 LOC five delta variants) + fake-exporter knobs + measure-baseline producer-side columns. - docs/n10-bottleneck-rca.md — prepend postscript noting the Options A–D recommendation section is superseded by the three-axis design. Diagnosis content unchanged. - TODO.md (top-level) — retire "N=10 throughput collapse" as P0 blocker (the RCA closed it); replace with the concrete implementation punch list for the three-axis framework. - deploy/TODO.md — add producer-side measurement requirement (producer_cpu_cores / _rss_mib / _bytes_out_per_s) to the instrumentation P1 list; the three-axis sweeps read these from fake-exporter container directly rather than inferring from gateway counters. Includes the n10-bottleneck-rca.md content from the earlier diag/n10-bottleneck-rca branch (superseded by this PR — close that one). Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * docs: correct scope — delta-encoding is a flag on existing aggregators Reading opentelemetry-go-patch/sdk/metric/aggregation.go shows that DeltaTransmission is already a field on DDSketch / CountSketch / CountMinSketch / HLLSketch aggregators (landed 2026-03-14), so there's no need to ship five new AggregationDelta<X> types. Only KLL lacks delta support, and its multi-level sample-buffer structure doesn't admit a naive byte-diff — separate design problem, not a §6.2 blocker. Updates docs/sdk-aggregation-three-axis-design.md, PROGRESS.md, and TODO.md to reflect this. Real remaining gap: AggregationRawBuffer (~150 LOC). Proceeding to implement that next. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> --------- Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
zzylol
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* docs: RCA — "N=10 throughput collapse" is not a bottleneck PR #185 flagged a universal ~2k pts/s floor at N=10 across all six baselines and attributed it to a coordinated throttle (OTLP SDK / Docker userland-proxy / kernel socket buffers). Rate-invariance test disproves the bottleneck reading. Holding cardinality=1000 and varying EXPORTER_RATE from 1000 to 10000 (10× change) on the same b0a-raw-stream N=1 stack: gateway rate stays flat at 2,000 pts/s and backend rate at 2,001 pts/s. If any of the candidate bottlenecks were the cause, 10× input would produce observable throughput delta — it doesn't. Root cause: PR #182 (`feat(workload): fake-exporter trace-replay mode`) changed the OTel MeterProvider's PeriodicReader interval from `time.Second / time.Duration(rate)` to `time.Second` fixed. With a 1 s interval the SDK pre-aggregates Counter.Add and Gauge.Record calls per attribute set within each tick, so the export rate becomes `cardinality × #instruments × (1/interval)` = 1000 × 2 × 1 = 2000 pts/s, independent of input rate. N=10 is just 10 concurrent producers each correctly emitting 2k. Bigger implication: the paper §6.2 "raw vs sketch bandwidth" story is more fragile than it looks. With the current fake-exporter, the "raw" baselines (B0a / B0b / B1) are already SDK pre-aggregated at the producer — they are not emitting per-sample traffic. The bandwidth delta vs sketch baselines measures payload shape, not "raw samples vs summary per window". Lays out four paper-story options (A revert interval / B dual- interval / C bypass SDK aggregation / D reframe §6.2 as bytes- per-window). Recommends B + D. Does not land a fix; that's a follow-up PR that needs a paper-framing decision. Artifacts: - docs/n10-bottleneck-rca.md — full write-up - deploy/eval-results/n10-diagnosis/rate-invariance-20260423.csv — the two-row evidence Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * docs: three-axis SDK aggregation framework + sync stale docs Formalizes the SDK-side decision point as a (W, L, agg_type) triple: time window × label projection × encoding. All three axes are independent and correspond one-to-one to what the controller's planner emits per metric. - docs/sdk-aggregation-three-axis-design.md (new) — authoritative design doc for the framework. Maps to existing Mode 1/2/3 vocabulary in delta-transmission-design.md. Enumerates the outstanding SDK-side aggregators (raw-buffer + 5 delta variants) and the SDK runtime hook (hot-reload AttributeFilter) needed to exercise the full planner loop. - docs/paper-outline.md §6 — split §6.2 into four sub-sweeps (a/b/c/d) along the three axes, introduce §6.5 planner-quality as an independent experiment, update claims table to express bandwidth reduction as a three-factor product. - PROGRESS.md — bump date to 2026-04-23; point at new design doc; enumerate outstanding aggregators (~150 LOC raw-buffer + ~500 LOC five delta variants) + fake-exporter knobs + measure-baseline producer-side columns. - docs/n10-bottleneck-rca.md — prepend postscript noting the Options A–D recommendation section is superseded by the three-axis design. Diagnosis content unchanged. - TODO.md (top-level) — retire "N=10 throughput collapse" as P0 blocker (the RCA closed it); replace with the concrete implementation punch list for the three-axis framework. - deploy/TODO.md — add producer-side measurement requirement (producer_cpu_cores / _rss_mib / _bytes_out_per_s) to the instrumentation P1 list; the three-axis sweeps read these from fake-exporter container directly rather than inferring from gateway counters. Includes the n10-bottleneck-rca.md content from the earlier diag/n10-bottleneck-rca branch (superseded by this PR — close that one). Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * docs: correct scope — delta-encoding is a flag on existing aggregators Reading opentelemetry-go-patch/sdk/metric/aggregation.go shows that DeltaTransmission is already a field on DDSketch / CountSketch / CountMinSketch / HLLSketch aggregators (landed 2026-03-14), so there's no need to ship five new AggregationDelta<X> types. Only KLL lacks delta support, and its multi-level sample-buffer structure doesn't admit a naive byte-diff — separate design problem, not a §6.2 blocker. Updates docs/sdk-aggregation-three-axis-design.md, PROGRESS.md, and TODO.md to reflect this. Real remaining gap: AggregationRawBuffer (~150 LOC). Proceeding to implement that next. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * feat(sdk/metric): AggregationRawBuffer — raw-sample encoding slot Adds AggregationRawBuffer to the SDK as the encoding-axis baseline for the three-axis framework (see docs/sdk-aggregation-three-axis-design.md): where every Counter.Add / Gauge.Record call becomes its own NumberDataPoint on the wire instead of being reduced to a Sum or LastValue per attribute set per tick. Implementation: - sdk/metric/aggregation.go — new AggregationRawBuffer{MaxEventsPerSeries} public type, wired into the Aggregation interface and err() validation alongside the existing sketch aggregators. - sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/rawbuffer.go — aggregator impl. Per attribute.Distinct key, appends (ts, value) to a bounded slice in measure(); in collect() emits each buffered sample as its own metricdata.DataPoint[N] inside a Gauge[N], then clears the buffer. Overflow on a single series is silently dropped with a per-series drop counter (exposing that via a side-channel metric is a follow-up tracked in PROGRESS.md). - sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregate.go — Builder.RawBuffer method, mirroring the KLLSketch / HLLSketch shape. - sdk/metric/pipeline.go — dispatch into Builder.RawBuffer + isAggregatorCompatible. Tests: four unit tests covering the core contract (every sample emitted, second collect is empty i.e. no cumulative semantics retained, per-series cap honoured, many-attribute-set isolation). Design notes: - Both delta and cumulative paths call the same collect(). Raw-buffer has no meaningful cumulative semantics — re-emitting all history every tick would be useless — so the buffer always resets after collect regardless of requested temporality. - We cap per-series, not globally, because the L (label-projection) axis sweep intentionally drives cardinality down; a global cap would couple the two axes. Pre-existing hllsketch build break fixed in passing: - sketchlib-go renamed HyperLogLog.Insert → InsertValue (float64 arg) and Estimate → EstimateCardinality. Two-line patch in hllsketch.go to restore a green build. The sketchlib-go call surface is unchanged at semver zero, so this is mechanical drift, not a behaviour change. Stacked on docs/sdk-three-axis-framework — review that first for the design context. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> --------- Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
zzylol
added a commit
that referenced
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Apr 23, 2026
* docs: RCA — "N=10 throughput collapse" is not a bottleneck PR #185 flagged a universal ~2k pts/s floor at N=10 across all six baselines and attributed it to a coordinated throttle (OTLP SDK / Docker userland-proxy / kernel socket buffers). Rate-invariance test disproves the bottleneck reading. Holding cardinality=1000 and varying EXPORTER_RATE from 1000 to 10000 (10× change) on the same b0a-raw-stream N=1 stack: gateway rate stays flat at 2,000 pts/s and backend rate at 2,001 pts/s. If any of the candidate bottlenecks were the cause, 10× input would produce observable throughput delta — it doesn't. Root cause: PR #182 (`feat(workload): fake-exporter trace-replay mode`) changed the OTel MeterProvider's PeriodicReader interval from `time.Second / time.Duration(rate)` to `time.Second` fixed. With a 1 s interval the SDK pre-aggregates Counter.Add and Gauge.Record calls per attribute set within each tick, so the export rate becomes `cardinality × #instruments × (1/interval)` = 1000 × 2 × 1 = 2000 pts/s, independent of input rate. N=10 is just 10 concurrent producers each correctly emitting 2k. Bigger implication: the paper §6.2 "raw vs sketch bandwidth" story is more fragile than it looks. With the current fake-exporter, the "raw" baselines (B0a / B0b / B1) are already SDK pre-aggregated at the producer — they are not emitting per-sample traffic. The bandwidth delta vs sketch baselines measures payload shape, not "raw samples vs summary per window". Lays out four paper-story options (A revert interval / B dual- interval / C bypass SDK aggregation / D reframe §6.2 as bytes- per-window). Recommends B + D. Does not land a fix; that's a follow-up PR that needs a paper-framing decision. Artifacts: - docs/n10-bottleneck-rca.md — full write-up - deploy/eval-results/n10-diagnosis/rate-invariance-20260423.csv — the two-row evidence Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * docs: three-axis SDK aggregation framework + sync stale docs Formalizes the SDK-side decision point as a (W, L, agg_type) triple: time window × label projection × encoding. All three axes are independent and correspond one-to-one to what the controller's planner emits per metric. - docs/sdk-aggregation-three-axis-design.md (new) — authoritative design doc for the framework. Maps to existing Mode 1/2/3 vocabulary in delta-transmission-design.md. Enumerates the outstanding SDK-side aggregators (raw-buffer + 5 delta variants) and the SDK runtime hook (hot-reload AttributeFilter) needed to exercise the full planner loop. - docs/paper-outline.md §6 — split §6.2 into four sub-sweeps (a/b/c/d) along the three axes, introduce §6.5 planner-quality as an independent experiment, update claims table to express bandwidth reduction as a three-factor product. - PROGRESS.md — bump date to 2026-04-23; point at new design doc; enumerate outstanding aggregators (~150 LOC raw-buffer + ~500 LOC five delta variants) + fake-exporter knobs + measure-baseline producer-side columns. - docs/n10-bottleneck-rca.md — prepend postscript noting the Options A–D recommendation section is superseded by the three-axis design. Diagnosis content unchanged. - TODO.md (top-level) — retire "N=10 throughput collapse" as P0 blocker (the RCA closed it); replace with the concrete implementation punch list for the three-axis framework. - deploy/TODO.md — add producer-side measurement requirement (producer_cpu_cores / _rss_mib / _bytes_out_per_s) to the instrumentation P1 list; the three-axis sweeps read these from fake-exporter container directly rather than inferring from gateway counters. Includes the n10-bottleneck-rca.md content from the earlier diag/n10-bottleneck-rca branch (superseded by this PR — close that one). Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * docs: correct scope — delta-encoding is a flag on existing aggregators Reading opentelemetry-go-patch/sdk/metric/aggregation.go shows that DeltaTransmission is already a field on DDSketch / CountSketch / CountMinSketch / HLLSketch aggregators (landed 2026-03-14), so there's no need to ship five new AggregationDelta<X> types. Only KLL lacks delta support, and its multi-level sample-buffer structure doesn't admit a naive byte-diff — separate design problem, not a §6.2 blocker. Updates docs/sdk-aggregation-three-axis-design.md, PROGRESS.md, and TODO.md to reflect this. Real remaining gap: AggregationRawBuffer (~150 LOC). Proceeding to implement that next. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * feat(sdk/metric): AggregationRawBuffer — raw-sample encoding slot Adds AggregationRawBuffer to the SDK as the encoding-axis baseline for the three-axis framework (see docs/sdk-aggregation-three-axis-design.md): where every Counter.Add / Gauge.Record call becomes its own NumberDataPoint on the wire instead of being reduced to a Sum or LastValue per attribute set per tick. Implementation: - sdk/metric/aggregation.go — new AggregationRawBuffer{MaxEventsPerSeries} public type, wired into the Aggregation interface and err() validation alongside the existing sketch aggregators. - sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/rawbuffer.go — aggregator impl. Per attribute.Distinct key, appends (ts, value) to a bounded slice in measure(); in collect() emits each buffered sample as its own metricdata.DataPoint[N] inside a Gauge[N], then clears the buffer. Overflow on a single series is silently dropped with a per-series drop counter (exposing that via a side-channel metric is a follow-up tracked in PROGRESS.md). - sdk/metric/internal/aggregate/aggregate.go — Builder.RawBuffer method, mirroring the KLLSketch / HLLSketch shape. - sdk/metric/pipeline.go — dispatch into Builder.RawBuffer + isAggregatorCompatible. Tests: four unit tests covering the core contract (every sample emitted, second collect is empty i.e. no cumulative semantics retained, per-series cap honoured, many-attribute-set isolation). Design notes: - Both delta and cumulative paths call the same collect(). Raw-buffer has no meaningful cumulative semantics — re-emitting all history every tick would be useless — so the buffer always resets after collect regardless of requested temporality. - We cap per-series, not globally, because the L (label-projection) axis sweep intentionally drives cardinality down; a global cap would couple the two axes. Pre-existing hllsketch build break fixed in passing: - sketchlib-go renamed HyperLogLog.Insert → InsertValue (float64 arg) and Estimate → EstimateCardinality. Two-line patch in hllsketch.go to restore a green build. The sketchlib-go call surface is unchanged at semver zero, so this is mechanical drift, not a behaviour change. Stacked on docs/sdk-three-axis-framework — review that first for the design context. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> * feat(fake-exporter): three-axis SDK knobs + widened label schema Rewrites the fake-exporter to expose the three-axis knobs defined in docs/sdk-aggregation-three-axis-design.md. The paper's §6.2 sub-sweeps (time / label / encoding) drive all three via env: EXPORTER_SDK_WINDOW PeriodicReader interval (default 15s). Paper's W axis. EXPORTER_SDK_PROJECTION Comma-separated attribute keys to keep; "" = keep all, "-" = drop all. Paper's L axis, implemented via sdkmetric.View AttributeFilter. EXPORTER_SDK_AGG Aggregator kind. Paper's encoding axis. Supported: default | sum | raw-buffer | dd-full | dd-delta | kll | cms-full | cms-delta | cs-full | cs-delta | hll-full | hll-delta Paper raw-baseline story now wires the SDK-native AggregationRawBuffer (landed in feat/aggregation-raw-buffer), so every Counter.Add and Gauge.Record becomes its own NumberDataPoint on the wire at each window flush — no more conflating the encoding axis with the per-tick SDK aggregation behaviour. Workload changes: - Drops `EXPORTER_RATE` (was a no-op under SDK aggregation; see docs/n10-bottleneck-rca.md). Warns loudly when set so stale compose files surface. - Adds `EXPORTER_FREQ_HZ` (default 10 Hz per series) as the app-layer event rate. Orthogonal to SDK_WINDOW. - Widens the synthetic label schema from 2 dims (zone, pod) to 4 dims (zone, rack, node, pod). Default max cardinality is now 4 × 10 × 25 × 10 = 10000; every EXPORTER_*_VALS override is a separate env. The L-axis sweep needs at least 3 dims to cover {full, 3-of-4, 2-of-4, 1-of-4, 0-of-4}. - One goroutine per series, each ticking at period = 1/FREQ_HZ. Cleaner isolation than the old shared ticker + mu.Lock pattern. Build: - go.mod now pins v1.41.0 and replaces every otel sibling at ../../opentelemetry-go (the combined upstream + patch tree produced by restore_opentelemetry_go_patches.sh). Replaces must live here because the patched sdk/metric module's own replaces don't apply when this exporter is the main module. - Dockerfile.fake-exporter now takes sketchlib-go via BuildKit --build-context (no submodule hop), copies in the opentelemetry-go combined tree, and rewrites the sketchlib-go path in go.mod for /src. - Locally verified: go build clean, image builds clean, binary starts and parses all three knobs + deprecation warning. Follow-up: measure-baseline.py producer-side columns, then §6.2 sweeps. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com> --------- Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Adds CSV-driven trace replay to fake-exporter.
EXPORTER_TRACE_FILEenables the new mode; synthetic log-normal remains the default.Schema (3 cols, header required):
Google 2019 cluster-trace
instance_usagepreprocesses into this schema with a column-rename. Seedeploy/fake-exporter/traces/README.mdfor the mapping.Bundled:
demo-trace.csv+gen-demo-trace.pygenerator. 100 series × 600 samples = 10-minute loop (~2 MiB). Shaped to resemble real cluster-trace CPU — slow drift + sparse spikes + rare flatlines + inter-instance diurnal correlation. Deterministic seed for reproducibility.Compose overlay
trace-replay.ymlswaps workload mode on top of any baseline:docker compose -f base.yml -f agents-N1.yml -f baseline-b3-delta.yml -f trace-replay.yml up -d.Binary smoke-tested: loads 60k rows / 100 series in ~20ms, ready to emit.
Follow-up: live sweep against demo-trace across all baselines + preprocess a real Google cluster trace slice — both eval-results PRs.
🤖 Generated with Claude Code