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Read the gamma rule's exponent expanded, and its constant factor as any constant - #2086

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an-exponent-written-as-a-negated-sum
Oct 23, 2026
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Two small extensions of the gamma rule from #2083. Part of #2075.

  • The exponent read expanded. A hyperbolic function of a power of x arrives as (e^u - e^(-u))/2, and the rule read -(c + d x^3) as one term, which is not a power of x. So sinh(c + d x^3) was declined, and so was every 6.1.3 integrand beside it. The exponent is now read expanded where it does not read as written.
  • The constant factor as any constant. Where the answer's x^(m + 1) z^(-s) is the same constant on both half-lines it is written as that constant, so that the answer has a value at 0. It had to be a number. x^(1/3) e^(-1 - 3 x^2) has 3^(-2/3) on both sides and left its integral from 0 to 1 as written. That integral is now 0.11693893956963…, and quadrature agrees.

Measured on Rubi's suite, read with the harness that maps GAMMA, against master 6a7b656a, the whole corpus each side:

master this
solved 48,850 of 49,052 48,875
wrong 0 0
solved rows lost 0

The gains are 19 in 6.1.3 and 5 in 6.2.3. 8.6:249 is solved too, in 21 s, as it was in an earlier run: it is slow either way.

Two rows of 6.1.3, (e x)^m sinh(a + b/x^2)^k, move from a decline to the harness's timeout. In a fresh process the library answers them in 0.4 s and 0.1 s, and the answers differentiate back. The time is the harness's verification of a gamma function at far points, as for #2084's three. Two rows' allocation grew in the run, 6.3.7:86 and 8.4:174, and alone it is identical on both builds.

The suite passes (16,939) and so do the MCP tests (329).

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

https://claude.ai/code/session_012sonx8iAspMiwRwokT1Ura

…ny constant

A hyperbolic function of a power of x arrives as (e^u - e^(-u))/2, and the gamma
rule read -(c + d x^3) as one term, which is not a power of x: sinh(c + d x^3)
was declined. The exponent is now read expanded where it does not read as
written.

And where the answer's constant factor x^(m + 1) z^(-s) is the same on both
half-lines it is written as that constant, so that the answer has a value at 0;
it had to be a number, and x^(1/3) e^(-1 - 3 x^2), with 3^(-2/3) on both sides,
left its integral from 0 to 1 as written. It is now 0.11693893956963...,
which quadrature agrees with.

Rubi's suite on the harness that reads GAMMA, against master 6a7b656:
48,850 -> 48,875 of 49,052, 0 wrong, no solved row lost. The gains are 19 in
6.1.3, 5 in 6.2.3, and 8.6:249, solved in 21 s as in earlier runs. Two rows of
6.1.3, (e x)^m sinh(a + b/x^2)^k, move from a decline to the harness's timeout:
the library answers them in 0.4 and 0.1 s, and they differentiate back; the time
is the harness's verification, as for #2084's three. Two rows' allocation grew in
the run and is identical alone on both builds.

Part of #2075.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_012sonx8iAspMiwRwokT1Ura
@Rafael-SOWNet
Rafael-SOWNet merged commit 3dbae24 into master Oct 23, 2026
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@github-project-automation github-project-automation Bot moved this from Todo to Done in AngouriMath Oct 23, 2026
@Rafael-SOWNet
Rafael-SOWNet deleted the an-exponent-written-as-a-negated-sum branch October 29, 2026 00:43
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