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<!doctype html>
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<title>HackGraph Reference | AD, Windows & Linux Privilege Escalation</title>
<meta name="description" content="HackGraph reference: text version of the interactive Active Directory, Windows, and Linux privilege-escalation attack-path graphs. Offensive-security study notes for OSCP, OSEP, CRTP, PNPT, and CTFs."/>
<meta name="keywords" content="cybersecurity, offensive security, penetration testing, red team, OSCP notes, OSEP, CRTP, PNPT, CTF, privilege escalation, Active Directory, Windows privilege escalation, Linux privilege escalation, Kerberoasting, NTLM relay, AD CS ESC1, pass-the-hash, DCSync, ethical hacking, attack path, pentest cheat sheet"/>
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<meta property="og:description" content="HackGraph reference: text version of the interactive Active Directory, Windows, and Linux privilege-escalation attack-path graphs. Offensive-security study notes for OSCP, OSEP, CRTP, PNPT, and CTFs."/>
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<header class="top"><a href="/" style="display:flex;align-items:center;gap:10px;color:var(--ink)"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="26" height="26" fill="none" aria-hidden="true"><path d="M9.5 12 H11.5 V5.5 H13.5 M11.5 12 V18.5 H13.5" stroke="#a59699" stroke-width="1.8" stroke-linejoin="round"/><rect x="1" y="8.5" width="8.5" height="7" rx="2.2" fill="#f0eaec"/><rect x="13.5" y="2" width="8.5" height="7" rx="2.2" fill="#a59699"/><rect x="13.5" y="15" width="8.5" height="7" rx="2.2" fill="#f04450"/></svg><span class="name">HackGraph</span></a><a class="cta" href="/">Open the interactive graph →</a></header>
<main>
<h1>HackGraph Reference</h1>
<p class="lead">HackGraph is an open-source collection of security study notes, organized as expandable graphs. Use the graph to explore connections, or read the reference pages at your own pace. Source coverage and editorial review status are shown separately.</p>
<p><a href="/about.html">How to read the graph and assess its sources</a></p>
<p><a href="/glossary.html">Security glossary with definition sources</a></p>
<p class="meta">A plain-text mirror of the <a href="/">interactive graph</a>, for search and offline reading. 390 topics across 3 maps.</p>
<article><h3><a href="/reference/active-directory.html">Active Directory Attack Paths</a></h3><p class="summary">Enumerate, capture credentials, escalate, move laterally, and reach Domain Admin: Kerberoasting, AS-REP roasting, NTLM relay, AD CS (ESC1-ESC16), DACL/ACL abuse, delegation, DCSync, and golden/silver tickets.</p><p class="meta">250 topics · <a href="/reference/active-directory.html">Read the reference →</a></p></article>
<article><h3><a href="/reference/windows-privilege-escalation.html">Windows Privilege Escalation</a></h3><p class="summary">From a foothold to NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM: token privileges (SeImpersonate, Potato), UAC bypass, service and DLL misconfigurations, unquoted paths, stored credentials, privileged groups, and defense evasion (AMSI, EDR, AppLocker).</p><p class="meta">93 topics · <a href="/reference/windows-privilege-escalation.html">Read the reference →</a></p></article>
<article><h3><a href="/reference/linux-privilege-escalation.html">Linux Privilege Escalation</a></h3><p class="summary">From an unprivileged shell to root: sudo abuse and GTFOBins, SUID/SGID and capabilities, cron and systemd jobs, writable files, credential hunting, privileged groups and container escapes, and kernel exploits.</p><p class="meta">47 topics · <a href="/reference/linux-privilege-escalation.html">Read the reference →</a></p></article>
</main>
<footer>
<p>HackGraph is an open-source collection of security study notes, organized as expandable graphs. Use the graph to explore connections, or read the reference pages at your own pace. Source coverage and editorial review status are shown separately.</p>
<p><a href="/">Interactive graph</a> · <a href="/reference.html">All references</a> · <a href="/glossary.html">Glossary</a> · <a href="/about.html">About the sources</a> · <a href="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/HackGraph/hackgraph.github.io">Source on GitHub</a></p>
<p>Reading pages accompany the interactive graph. Material is intended for authorized security study and blue-team detection.</p>
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