diff --git a/public/locales/en/translation.json b/public/locales/en/translation.json
index f1a27e649..f2d0521ec 100644
--- a/public/locales/en/translation.json
+++ b/public/locales/en/translation.json
@@ -1394,6 +1394,7 @@
     "Goal Name": "Goal Name",
     "Goal Name is a required field": "Goal Name is a required field",
     "Goal Status": "Goal Status",
+    "Goals were last run and sent on {{date}} at {{time}}.": "Goals were last run and sent on {{date}} at {{time}}.",
     "Good Afternoon,": "Good Afternoon,",
     "Good Evening,": "Good Evening,",
     "Good Morning,": "Good Morning,",
@@ -2367,6 +2368,7 @@
     "Program Based": "Program Based",
     "Progress": "Progress",
     "Prompt": "Prompt",
+    "Provide Training Cost": "Provide Training Cost",
     "Puerto Rico": "Puerto Rico",
     "Purchase": "Purchase",
     "Qatar": "Qatar",
@@ -3073,6 +3075,7 @@
     "Traditional 403(b) Deduction": "Traditional 403(b) Deduction",
     "Training": "Training",
     "Training Cost": "Training Cost",
+    "Training costs are required to run & send goals.": "Training costs are required to run & send goals.",
     "Training Size": "Training Size",
     "Training, conferences, supplies, evangelism & discipleship materials, communication with ministry partners, ministry travel expenses, etc.": "Training, conferences, supplies, evangelism & discipleship materials, communication with ministry partners, ministry travel expenses, etc.",
     "Transactions": "Transactions",
diff --git a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/CohortBar/CohortBar.test.tsx b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/CohortBar/CohortBar.test.tsx
index 0c8c877fe..4defafba9 100644
--- a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/CohortBar/CohortBar.test.tsx
+++ b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/CohortBar/CohortBar.test.tsx
@@ -9,11 +9,13 @@ import { MpdGoalAdminProvider } from '../MpdGoalAdminContext';
 import {
   NewStaffCohortAttendeesQuery,
   NewStaffCohortsQuery,
+  UpdateNewStaffCohortMutation,
 } from '../NewStaffCohorts.generated';
 import {
   attendeesMock,
   cohortsMock,
   cohortsWithoutCostsMock,
+  updatedCohortMock,
 } from '../mpdGoalAdminMocks';
 import { CohortBar } from './CohortBar';
 
@@ -38,10 +40,13 @@ const TestComponent: React.FC<TestComponentProps> = ({
       <GqlMockedProvider<{
         NewStaffCohorts: NewStaffCohortsQuery;
         NewStaffCohortAttendees: NewStaffCohortAttendeesQuery;
+        UpdateNewStaffCohort: UpdateNewStaffCohortMutation;
       }>
         mocks={{
           NewStaffCohorts: withoutCosts ? cohortsWithoutCostsMock : cohortsMock,
           NewStaffCohortAttendees: attendeesMock(),
+          // Normalizes over the selected cohort so a save clears the gate.
+          UpdateNewStaffCohort: updatedCohortMock('fall-nso-2026'),
         }}
         onCall={mutationSpy}
       >
@@ -54,9 +59,13 @@ const TestComponent: React.FC<TestComponentProps> = ({
 );
 
 /** Waits for the cohort first; clicking early opens the modal with no cohort. */
-const openModal = async (screen: ReturnType<typeof render>) => {
+const openModal = async (
+  screen: ReturnType<typeof render>,
+  // A cohort missing its costs prompts to provide them instead.
+  name: string = 'View/Edit',
+) => {
   await screen.findByText('Fall NSO 2026');
-  userEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: 'View/Edit' }));
+  userEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name }));
   return screen.findByRole('heading', { name: /Training Costs for/ });
 };
 
@@ -72,6 +81,56 @@ describe('CohortBar', () => {
     expect(await findByText('8/10/2026')).toBeInTheDocument();
   });
 
+  it('renders the disabled View/Edit link while the cohort is still loading', () => {
+    const { getByRole, queryByRole } = render(<TestComponent withoutCosts />);
+
+    // The prompt must not flash before the cohorts query has resolved.
+    expect(getByRole('button', { name: 'View/Edit' })).toBeDisabled();
+    expect(
+      queryByRole('button', { name: 'Provide Training Cost' }),
+    ).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it('prompts to provide the costs when the cohort has none', async () => {
+    const { findByText, findByRole, queryByRole } = render(
+      <TestComponent withoutCosts />,
+    );
+
+    await findByText('Fall NSO 2026');
+    expect(
+      await findByRole('button', { name: 'Provide Training Cost' }),
+    ).toBeInTheDocument();
+    expect(
+      queryByRole('button', { name: 'View/Edit' }),
+    ).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it('explains why the costs are needed when the cohort has none', async () => {
+    const { findByText, findByRole } = render(<TestComponent withoutCosts />);
+
+    await findByText('Fall NSO 2026');
+    const prompt = await findByRole('button', {
+      name: 'Provide Training Cost',
+    });
+
+    userEvent.hover(prompt);
+    expect(
+      await findByText('Training costs are required to run & send goals.'),
+    ).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
+  it('opens the modal from the Provide Training Cost prompt', async () => {
+    const screen = render(<TestComponent withoutCosts />);
+    const { findByText, findByRole, getByRole } = screen;
+
+    await findByText('Fall NSO 2026');
+    userEvent.click(getByRole('button', { name: 'Provide Training Cost' }));
+
+    expect(
+      await findByRole('heading', { name: /Training Costs for/ }),
+    ).toHaveTextContent('Training Costs for Fall NSO 2026');
+  });
+
   it('opens the Edit Training Costs modal for the selected cohort', async () => {
     const screen = render(<TestComponent />);
     const { queryByRole } = screen;
@@ -149,10 +208,30 @@ describe('CohortBar', () => {
     );
   });
 
+  it('replaces the prompt with View/Edit once the costs are saved', async () => {
+    const screen = render(<TestComponent withoutCosts />);
+    const { findByRole, getAllByRole, queryByRole } = screen;
+    await openModal(screen, 'Provide Training Cost');
+
+    // Apply stays disabled until all thirteen costs are entered.
+    getAllByRole('spinbutton').forEach((input, index) =>
+      userEvent.type(input, String((index + 1) * 100)),
+    );
+    const apply = await findByRole('button', { name: 'Apply' });
+    await waitFor(() => expect(apply).toBeEnabled());
+    userEvent.click(apply);
+
+    expect(await findByRole('button', { name: 'View/Edit' })).toBeEnabled();
+    expect(
+      queryByRole('button', { name: 'Provide Training Cost' }),
+    ).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+    // Typing all thirteen fields exceeds the default 5s timeout under load.
+  }, 20000);
+
   it('keeps APPLY disabled until every cost is entered', async () => {
     const screen = render(<TestComponent withoutCosts />);
     const { findByRole } = screen;
-    await openModal(screen);
+    await openModal(screen, 'Provide Training Cost');
 
     // The cohort has no saved costs, so the form opens blank.
     expect(await findByRole('button', { name: 'Apply' })).toBeDisabled();
diff --git a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/CohortBar/CohortBar.tsx b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/CohortBar/CohortBar.tsx
index 9a1fea8d1..704f14eae 100644
--- a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/CohortBar/CohortBar.tsx
+++ b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/CohortBar/CohortBar.tsx
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 import React, { useState } from 'react';
+import { ErrorOutline } from '@mui/icons-material';
 import {
   Box,
   Link,
   MenuItem,
   Stack,
   TextField,
+  Tooltip,
   Typography,
 } from '@mui/material';
 import { useSnackbar } from 'notistack';
@@ -46,6 +48,10 @@ export const CohortBar: React.FC = () => {
   } = useMpdGoalAdmin();
   const [trainingCostsOpen, setTrainingCostsOpen] = useState(false);
 
+  // Only a loaded cohort can be short its costs; an absent one is still loading.
+  const needsTrainingCosts =
+    !!selectedCohort && !selectedCohort.hasTrainingCosts;
+
   const handleSaveTrainingCosts = async (costs: TrainingCosts) => {
     if (!selectedCohort) {
       return;
@@ -63,6 +69,38 @@ export const CohortBar: React.FC = () => {
     setTrainingCostsOpen(false);
   };
 
+  const trainingCostLink = (
+    <Link
+      component="button"
+      type="button"
+      underline="hover"
+      disabled={!selectedCohort}
+      onClick={() => setTrainingCostsOpen(true)}
+      onMouseEnter={preloadEditTrainingCostsModal}
+      sx={
+        needsTrainingCosts
+          ? (theme) => ({
+              // MUI's warning palette is only 3.79:1 on white; the Cru vermilion
+              // token clears WCAG AA for body2's 14px text.
+              color: theme.palette.statusWarning.main,
+              display: 'inline-flex',
+              alignItems: 'center',
+              gap: 0.5,
+            })
+          : undefined
+      }
+    >
+      {needsTrainingCosts ? (
+        <>
+          <ErrorOutline fontSize="small" />
+          {t('Provide Training Cost')}
+        </>
+      ) : (
+        t('View/Edit')
+      )}
+    </Link>
+  );
+
   return (
     <Stack
       direction={{ xs: 'column', md: 'row' }}
@@ -92,16 +130,19 @@ export const CohortBar: React.FC = () => {
       </Stat>
       <Stat label={t('NSO Date')}>{selectedCohort?.nsoDate ?? '—'}</Stat>
       <Stat label={t('Training Cost')}>
-        <Link
-          component="button"
-          type="button"
-          underline="hover"
-          disabled={!selectedCohort}
-          onClick={() => setTrainingCostsOpen(true)}
-          onMouseEnter={preloadEditTrainingCostsModal}
-        >
-          {t('View/Edit')}
-        </Link>
+        {/* Only the costs-missing branch is tooltipped, and a disabled child
+            would need a wrapper element for the tooltip to fire. */}
+        {needsTrainingCosts ? (
+          <Tooltip
+            // Without this the tooltip becomes the button's aria-label and hides its text.
+            describeChild
+            title={t('Training costs are required to run & send goals.')}
+          >
+            {trainingCostLink}
+          </Tooltip>
+        ) : (
+          trainingCostLink
+        )}
       </Stat>
       {trainingCostsOpen && (
         <DynamicEditTrainingCostsModal
diff --git a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/GoalsSentBanner/GoalsSentBanner.test.tsx b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/GoalsSentBanner/GoalsSentBanner.test.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..252398bdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/GoalsSentBanner/GoalsSentBanner.test.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import React from 'react';
+import { ThemeProvider } from '@mui/material/styles';
+import { render, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { GqlMockedProvider } from '__tests__/util/graphqlMocking';
+import theme from 'src/theme';
+import { MpdGoalAdminProvider } from '../MpdGoalAdminContext';
+import {
+  NewStaffCohortAttendeesQuery,
+  NewStaffCohortsQuery,
+} from '../NewStaffCohorts.generated';
+import { attendeesMock, cohortsMock } from '../mpdGoalAdminMocks';
+import { GoalsSentBanner } from './GoalsSentBanner';
+
+const onCall = jest.fn();
+
+/** The same cohort, but never run and sent. */
+const neverSentMock: NewStaffCohortsQuery = {
+  newStaffCohorts: {
+    ...cohortsMock.newStaffCohorts,
+    nodes: [{ ...cohortsMock.newStaffCohorts.nodes[0], goalsSentAt: null }],
+  },
+};
+
+interface TestComponentProps {
+  neverSent?: boolean;
+}
+
+const TestComponent: React.FC<TestComponentProps> = ({ neverSent = false }) => (
+  <ThemeProvider theme={theme}>
+    <GqlMockedProvider<{
+      NewStaffCohorts: NewStaffCohortsQuery;
+      NewStaffCohortAttendees: NewStaffCohortAttendeesQuery;
+    }>
+      mocks={{
+        NewStaffCohorts: neverSent ? neverSentMock : cohortsMock,
+        NewStaffCohortAttendees: attendeesMock(),
+      }}
+      onCall={onCall}
+    >
+      <MpdGoalAdminProvider>
+        <GoalsSentBanner />
+      </MpdGoalAdminProvider>
+    </GqlMockedProvider>
+  </ThemeProvider>
+);
+
+describe('GoalsSentBanner', () => {
+  it('reports when the cohort goals were last run and sent', async () => {
+    const { findByRole } = render(<TestComponent />);
+
+    expect(await findByRole('status')).toHaveTextContent(
+      'Goals were last run and sent on 8/10/2026 at 3:40 PM UTC.',
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('renders nothing until the cohort has been sent at least once', async () => {
+    const { queryByRole } = render(<TestComponent neverSent />);
+
+    // The banner renders nothing here, so settle on the cohort query instead;
+    // asserting immediately would pass on the pre-load render either way.
+    await waitFor(() =>
+      expect(onCall).toHaveGraphqlOperation('NewStaffCohortAttendees'),
+    );
+    expect(queryByRole('status')).not.toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+});
diff --git a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/GoalsSentBanner/GoalsSentBanner.tsx b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/GoalsSentBanner/GoalsSentBanner.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..79398baa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/GoalsSentBanner/GoalsSentBanner.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import React from 'react';
+import { Alert } from '@mui/material';
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next';
+import { useLocale } from 'src/hooks/useLocale';
+import { dateFormatShort, timeFormat } from 'src/lib/intlFormat';
+import { useMpdGoalAdmin } from '../MpdGoalAdminContext';
+
+/**
+ * Confirms the cohort's most recent Run & Send batch. Absent until the first
+ * send, so its absence is itself meaningful — don't render a placeholder.
+ */
+export const GoalsSentBanner: React.FC = () => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const locale = useLocale();
+  const { selectedCohort } = useMpdGoalAdmin();
+  const goalsSentAt = selectedCohort?.goalsSentAt;
+
+  if (!goalsSentAt) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <Alert severity="success" role="status" sx={{ mb: 2 }}>
+      {t('Goals were last run and sent on {{date}} at {{time}}.', {
+        date: dateFormatShort(goalsSentAt, locale),
+        time: timeFormat(goalsSentAt, locale),
+      })}
+    </Alert>
+  );
+};
diff --git a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/MpdGoalAdmin.test.tsx b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/MpdGoalAdmin.test.tsx
index 5ea3e5f31..43fd969c3 100644
--- a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/MpdGoalAdmin.test.tsx
+++ b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/MpdGoalAdmin.test.tsx
@@ -58,6 +58,17 @@ describe('MpdGoalAdmin', () => {
     expect(await findByText('John & Jane Doe')).toBeInTheDocument();
   });
 
+  it('reports when the cohort goals were last run and sent', async () => {
+    const { findByText } = renderMain();
+
+    // Query the sentence, not role="status", which the null state also uses.
+    expect(
+      await findByText(
+        'Goals were last run and sent on 8/10/2026 at 3:40 PM UTC.',
+      ),
+    ).toBeInTheDocument();
+  });
+
   it('shows a loading indicator until the attendees arrive', () => {
     const { getByRole, queryByRole } = renderMain();
 
diff --git a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/MpdGoalAdmin.tsx b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/MpdGoalAdmin.tsx
index f61c5c55d..d5fb0093e 100644
--- a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/MpdGoalAdmin.tsx
+++ b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/MpdGoalAdmin.tsx
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
 } from 'src/components/Shared/MultiPageLayout/MultiPageHeader';
 import { getHeaderTitleAccess } from 'src/components/Shared/MultiPageLayout/helpers';
 import { CohortBar } from './CohortBar/CohortBar';
+import { GoalsSentBanner } from './GoalsSentBanner/GoalsSentBanner';
 import { GoalsTable } from './GoalsTable/GoalsTable';
 import { GoalsTableToolbar } from './GoalsTableToolbar/GoalsTableToolbar';
 import { useMpdGoalAdmin } from './MpdGoalAdminContext';
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ const ActiveGoalsContent: React.FC = () => {
 
   return (
     <>
+      <GoalsSentBanner />
       <GoalsTableToolbar />
       {/* Surface query failures here rather than as an empty table. */}
       {error ? (
diff --git a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/NewStaffCohorts.graphql b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/NewStaffCohorts.graphql
index 65014021d..b4601fe2f 100644
--- a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/NewStaffCohorts.graphql
+++ b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/NewStaffCohorts.graphql
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ query NewStaffCohorts($after: String) {
       name
       trainingSize
       date
+      goalsSentAt
       hasTrainingCosts
       canRunAndSend
       runAndSendBlockers
diff --git a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminHelpers.test.ts b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminHelpers.test.ts
index 7940f9690..f123021fa 100644
--- a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminHelpers.test.ts
+++ b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminHelpers.test.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { DateTime } from 'luxon';
 import {
   NewStaffCohortAttendeeGoalStatusEnum,
   NewStaffQuestionnaireMaritalStatusEnum,
@@ -75,6 +76,21 @@ describe('cohortNodeToCohort', () => {
     ).toBe('—');
   });
 
+  it('keeps goalsSentAt as a DateTime the banner can format', () => {
+    const cohort = cohortNodeToCohort(cohortWithCosts, 'en-US');
+
+    expect(cohort.goalsSentAt?.toISO()).toBe(
+      DateTime.fromISO('2026-08-10T15:40:00Z').toISO(),
+    );
+  });
+
+  it('leaves goalsSentAt null until the first Run & Send', () => {
+    expect(
+      cohortNodeToCohort({ ...cohortWithCosts, goalsSentAt: null }, 'en-US')
+        .goalsSentAt,
+    ).toBeNull();
+  });
+
   it('leaves trainingCosts undefined when costs are not fully entered', () => {
     expect(
       cohortNodeToCohort(cohortWithoutCosts, 'en-US').trainingCosts,
diff --git a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminHelpers.ts b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminHelpers.ts
index 94d2eeec6..572e50717 100644
--- a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminHelpers.ts
+++ b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminHelpers.ts
@@ -92,6 +92,9 @@ export interface Cohort {
   trainingSize: number;
   /** Display string, e.g. "08/10/2026"; "—" when the API has no date yet. */
   nsoDate: string;
+  /** When the last Run & Send batch finished; null until the first send. Kept
+   *  unformatted so the banner can split date and time across its own sentence. */
+  goalsSentAt: DateTime | null;
   hasTrainingCosts: boolean;
   /** Saved training cost figures; undefined until every cost is entered. */
   trainingCosts?: TrainingCosts;
@@ -131,6 +134,7 @@ export const cohortNodeToCohort = (
   nsoDate: node.date
     ? dateFormatShort(DateTime.fromISO(node.date), locale)
     : '—',
+  goalsSentAt: node.goalsSentAt ? DateTime.fromISO(node.goalsSentAt) : null,
   hasTrainingCosts: node.hasTrainingCosts,
   trainingCosts: cohortToTrainingCosts(node),
 });
diff --git a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminMocks.ts b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminMocks.ts
index 8838fcd16..5921136ad 100644
--- a/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminMocks.ts
+++ b/src/components/HrTools/MpdGoalAdmin/mpdGoalAdminMocks.ts
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ export const cohortsMock: NewStaffCohortsQuery = {
         name: 'Fall NSO 2026',
         trainingSize: 13,
         date: '2026-08-10',
+        goalsSentAt: '2026-08-10T15:40:00Z',
         hasTrainingCosts: true,
         canRunAndSend: true,
         runAndSendBlockers: [],
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ export const cohortsMock: NewStaffCohortsQuery = {
         name: 'Spring NSO 2027',
         trainingSize: 2,
         date: '2027-01-11',
+        goalsSentAt: null,
         hasTrainingCosts: false,
         canRunAndSend: false,
         runAndSendBlockers: [],
@@ -85,6 +87,8 @@ export const cohortsWithoutCostsMock: NewStaffCohortsQuery = {
       {
         ...cohortsMock.newStaffCohorts.nodes[0],
         hasTrainingCosts: false,
+        // Costs gate Run & Send, so goals cannot already have gone out.
+        goalsSentAt: null,
         ...noCostFields,
       },
     ],
diff --git a/src/lib/intlFormat.test.ts b/src/lib/intlFormat.test.ts
index 87582a71a..a29f5d885 100644
--- a/src/lib/intlFormat.test.ts
+++ b/src/lib/intlFormat.test.ts
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
   numberFormat,
   parseNumberFromCurrencyString,
   percentageFormat,
+  timeFormat,
   validateAndFormatInvalidDate,
 } from './intlFormat';
 
@@ -370,6 +371,31 @@ describe('intlFormat', () => {
     });
   });
 
+  describe('timeFormat', () => {
+    const locale = 'en-US';
+    it('returns the hour, minute and time zone without the date', () => {
+      const time = timeFormat(DateTime.local(2026, 8, 10, 15, 40), locale);
+
+      expect(time).toBe('3:40 PM UTC');
+    });
+
+    it('uses a 24-hour clock where the locale expects one', () => {
+      expect(timeFormat(DateTime.local(2026, 8, 10, 15, 40), 'fr')).toBe(
+        '15:40 UTC',
+      );
+    });
+
+    it('returns es-419 formatted', () => {
+      expect(timeFormat(DateTime.local(2026, 8, 10, 15, 40), 'es-419')).toBe(
+        '3:40 p.m. UTC',
+      );
+    });
+
+    it('returns an empty string when there is no time', () => {
+      expect(timeFormat(null, locale)).toBe('');
+    });
+  });
+
   describe('formatRelativeTime', () => {
     const locale = 'en-US';
 
diff --git a/src/lib/intlFormat.ts b/src/lib/intlFormat.ts
index 9c6db1603..e7e236ad2 100644
--- a/src/lib/intlFormat.ts
+++ b/src/lib/intlFormat.ts
@@ -250,6 +250,19 @@ export const dateTimeFormat = (
   }).format(date.toJSDate());
 };
 
+export const timeFormat = (date: DateTime | null, locale: string): string => {
+  if (date === null) {
+    return '';
+  }
+  // Server instants are rendered in the viewer's zone, so name it to keep
+  // team-wide timestamps comparable across time zones.
+  return new Intl.DateTimeFormat(locale, {
+    hour: 'numeric',
+    minute: 'numeric',
+    timeZoneName: 'short',
+  }).format(date.toJSDate());
+};
+
 export const validateAndFormatInvalidDate = (
   year: number | null | undefined,
   month: number,